Baala chikitsa (also known as kumaara bhrithya) is about paediatrics. An original text, the Kashyapa Samhitha is an excellent source on this subject but unfortunately the manuscript is incomplete. Diseases of children, their diagnosis and management are the thrust areas of Baala chikitsa.

           Graha chikitsa or bhoothavaidya, mostly deals with psychiatric problems and their management. The Samhithas of Charaka, Sushrutha and Ashtangahridaya have described the management and cure of possession of persons by spirits, the symptoms that ensue, and the causes, prevention and management of insanity and epilepsy.

          Sushrutha’s work on otorhinopharyngology and ophtholomology is viewed as very original and authentic. The diseases of the head, neck and sensory organs like the nose, ear, eye, and the oral cavity were discussed under the specialised area called shalakya or urdhwanga chikitsa.

          Shalyatantra or chiktsa deals with the surgical treatment of wounds, their types, causes, management and prognosis, as well as the removal of foreign bodies implanted in the body organs, an area specialised by Sushratha.

          Sushratha Samhitha is the major source text dealing with anatomy, teaching of surgery, types of surgical and parasurgical instruments, surgical emergencies, pre-operative, operative and post-operative procedures, prevention of infections, infectious diseases, bandages and their types, management of fractures and dislocations, conduction of delivery, foetal development, post-delivery complications and their management.

          Visha chikitsa is toxicology, a specialised area in Ayurveda, also called Vishatantra, agadatantra or damshtra chiktsa. Poisons including those of plant and animal origin, their effects on humans, prevention and management of poisoning, types of snakes, poisonous animals, rabid dog bites, etc., and management of bites by poisonous animals were covered under this area.

          This is geriatrics. The care of the body, prevention of premature senility, and practices that preserve and prolong life, are the subject matter of the area called jara chikitsa or rasayanatantra. The use of plants and minerals in this context, is called rasaviadya (mineral treatment). Rasa is the body plasma, which is vital and nutritive, and ayana means circulation of this element throughout the body to minimise the effects of ageing. The techniques used in here convert poisonous inorganic substances like mercury and arsenic into valuable medicine.

           Rasavaidya which developed between 800 and 1800 C.E., has a surprisingly large number of treatises reflecting the enormous interest in these areas during that period. Rasendramangala, Rasahridayatantra, Rasarnava, Rasendrachudamani, Rasaratnakara, Rasendrachintamani, Rasendrasarasangraha, Rasaprakashasudhakara, Rasasaara, Rasaratnasamuchhaya, Rasapaddhathi, Lohasarvaswam, Rasakaamadhenu, Ayurvedaprakasha, Rasatarangini, Rasamrutham, Paradasamhitha, Rasaraajasundara, Bharathiya rasashashtra, Rasamitra, Rasabindu, Chakradatta, Brindamaadhava, Gadanigraha, Sarangadhara, Baishajyaratnavali, Yogaratnakara, Bhavaprakasha, Rasayogasaagara, Bharathabhaishajyaratnakara, Yogatarangini and several others writings deal with this subject.